Results - part 1

There were 243,872 notifications received by NNDSS in 2012.

Table 3: Notifications to the National Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System, Australia, 2012, by disease category rank order

Disease Category	Number	%
Sexually transmissible infections	99,250	40.7
Vaccine preventable diseases	85,810	35.2
Gastrointestinal diseases	31,155	12.8
Bloodborne diseases	16,846	6.9
Vectorborne diseases	8,305	3.4
Other bacterial diseases	1,924	0.8
Zoonoses	578	0.2
Quarantinable diseases	5	<0.1
Total	243,872	100.0

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In 2012, the most frequently notified diseases were sexually transmissible infections (99,250 notifications, 40.7% of total notifications), vaccine preventable diseases (85,810 notifications, 35.2% of total notifications), and gastrointestinal diseases (31,155 notifications, 12.8% of total notifications) (Table 3).

There was an overall increase of 2% in notifications nationally compared with the total number of notifications in 2011 (Figure 2).

Figure 2: Trends in notifications received by the National Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System, Australia, 1991 to 2012

Text version of Figure 2 (TXT 1 KB)

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Notifications and notification rates per 100,000 for each disease notified to each state and territory in 2012, are shown in Table 4 and Table 5, respectively. Notifications and rates per 100,000 for the period 2007 to 2012 are shown in Table 6.

Table 4: Notifications of nationally notifiable communicable diseases, Australia, 2012, by state or territory

Disease	State or territory								Aust.
	ACT	NSW	NT	Qld	SA	Tas.	Vic.	WA
* Newly acquired hepatitis and syphilis includes cases where the infection was determined to be acquired within 24 months prior to diagnosis. Queensland reports hepatitis C newly acquired under hepatitis C unspecified. † Unspecified hepatitis and syphilis includes cases where the duration of infection could not be determined or is greater than 24 months. ‡ In Queensland, includes newly acquired hepatitis C cases. § Infection with Shiga toxin/verotoxin producing Escherichia coli. || Includes identified from cervical, rectal, urine, urethral, throat and eye samples, except for South Australia, which reports only cervical, urine and urethral specimens; the Northern Territory and Western Australia exclude ocular infections. ¶ The national case definitions for chlamydial, gonococcal and syphilis diagnoses, include infections that may be acquired through a non-sexual mode (especially in children – e.g. perinatal infections, epidemic gonococcal conjunctivitis). ** Does not include congenital syphilis. †† Data for all states and territories are reported by diagnosis date, except Queensland which is reported by notification receive date. ‡‡ In the Australian Capital Territory, Murray Valley encephalitis virus infection and Kunjin virus infection are combined under Murray Valley encephalitis virus infection. §§ Only invasive meningococcal disease is nationally notifiable. However the Australian Capital Territory also reports conjunctival cases. NEC Not elsewhere classified. NN Not notifiable.
Bloodborne diseases
Hepatitis (NEC)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hepatitis B (newly acquired)*	2	29	5	55	16	10	52	24	193
Hepatitis B (unspecified)‡	104	2,298	200	808	383	62	1,855	799	6,509
Hepatitis C (newly acquired)*	15	47	0	NN	77	23	179	125	466
Hepatitis C (unspecified)†,‡	132	3,243	195	2,376	394	242	2,055	1,011	9,648
Hepatitis D	0	5	0	6	8	0	9	2	30
Gastrointestinal diseases
Botulism	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Campylobacteriosis	477	NN	175	4,182	2,161	882	5,870	1,906	15,653
Cryptosporidiosis	19	687	234	1,371	162	42	460	168	3,143
Haemolytic uraemic syndrome	0	10	0	4	0	1	5	0	20
Hepatitis A	1	42	3	34	7	2	62	14	165
Hepatitis E	1	10	0	6	0	0	17	1	35
Listeriosis	0	39	0	5	4	3	34	8	93
Salmonellosis	241	2,951	407	2,825	845	280	2,547	1,169	11,265
Shigellosis	6	124	107	82	48	7	120	53	547
STEC,VTEC§	5	13	2	27	45	7	11	1	111
Typhoid fever	1	43	4	15	3	1	38	18	123
Quarantinable diseases
Cholera	0	2	0	1	2	0	0	0	5
Highly pathogenic avian influenza in humans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plague	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rabies	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Severe acute respiratory syndrome	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Smallpox	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viral haemorrhagic fever	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yellow fever	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sexually transmissible infections
Chlamydial infection||,¶	1,283	21,293	2,532	18,849	4,848	1,787	20,312	11,803	82,707
Donovanosis	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	1
Gonococcal infection¶	92	4,129	1,536	2,700	499	35	2,543	2,115	13,649
Syphilis – congenital¶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syphilis – all¶,**,††	28	793	81	639	131	24	980	217	2,893
Syphilis < 2 years duration¶,††	15	510	14	383	52	14	474	77	1,539
Syphilis > 2 years or unknown duration†,¶,††	13	283	67	256	79	10	506	140	1,354
Vaccine preventable diseases
Diphtheria	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haemophilus influenzae type b	0	2	0	5	2	1	4	1	15
Influenza (laboratory confirmed)	666	7,998	435	16,853	6,288	1,093	5,990	5,240	44,563
Measles	0	170	2	4	6	0	11	6	199
Mumps	6	105	0	32	7	1	30	19	200
Pertussis	429	5,828	298	7,536	904	1,276	4,423	3,375	24,069
Pneumococcal disease (invasive)	27	579	72	348	131	45	385	235	1,822
Poliomyelitis	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rubella	1	10	0	9	2	1	11	2	36
Rubella – congenital	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	1
Tetanus	0	1	0	2	1	0	2	1	7
Varicella zoster (chickenpox)	9	NN	149	238	476	27	732	333	1,964
Varicella zoster (shingles)	51	NN	183	72	1,761	263	1,111	1,040	4,481
Varicella zoster (unspecified)	121	NN	4	4,414	92	84	2,633	1,105	8,453
Vectorborne diseases
Arbovirus infection (NEC)	0	0	0	8	1	0	0	0	9
Barmah Forest virus infection	2	348	87	982	48	0	40	215	1,722
Dengue virus infection	22	288	68	243	51	8	332	528	1,540
Japanese encephalitis virus infection	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	1
Kunjin virus infection‡‡	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaria	11	71	17	100	8	7	84	50	348
Murray Valley encephalitis virus infection	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	1
Ross River virus infection	11	603	227	1,947	219	18	282	1,376	4,683
Zoonoses
Anthrax	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia bat lyssavirus	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brucellosis	0	5	0	22	1	0	0	1	29
Leptospirosis	0	22	1	75	2	0	13	3	116
Lyssavirus (NEC)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ornithosis	0	18	0	1	1	0	47	8	75
Q fever	0	122	4	192	11	0	22	7	358
Tularaemia	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other bacterial diseases
Legionellosis	2	102	3	70	39	12	69	85	382
Leprosy	0	0	0	0	0	0	4	0	4
Meningococcal infection§§	1	66	4	63	29	7	35	18	223
Tuberculosis	18	467	28	176	82	6	366	172	1,315
Total	3,784	52,564	7,064	67,328	19,795	6,257	53,775	33,255	243,872

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Table 5: Notification rates for nationally notifiable communicable diseases, Australia, 2012, by state or territory

Disease	State or territory								Aust.
	ACT	NSW	NT	Qld	SA	Tas.	Vic.	WA
* Newly acquired hepatitis and syphilis includes cases where the infection was determined to be acquired within 24 months prior to diagnosis. Queensland reports hepatitis C newly acquired under hepatitis C unspecified. † Unspecified hepatitis and syphilis includes cases where the duration of infection could not be determined or is greater than 24 months. ‡ In Queensland, includes newly acquired hepatitis C cases. § Infection with Shiga toxin/verotoxin producing Escherichia coli. || Includes Chlamydia trachomatis identified from cervical, rectal, urine, urethral, throat and eye samples, except for South Australia, which reports only cervical, urine and urethral specimens; the Northern Territory and Western Australia exclude ocular infections. ¶ The national case definitions for chlamydial, gonococcal and syphilis diagnoses, include infections that may be acquired through a non-sexual mode (especially in children – e.g. perinatal infections, epidemic gonococcal conjunctivitis). ** Does not include congenital syphilis. †† Data for all states and territories are reported by diagnosis date, except Queensland which is reported by notification receive date. ‡‡ In the Australian Capital Territory, Murray Valley encephalitis virus infection and Kunjin virus infection are combined under Murray Valley encephalitis virus infection. §§ Only invasive meningococcal disease is nationally notifiable. However the Australian Capital Territory also reports conjunctival cases. NEC Not elsewhere classified. NN Not notifiable.
Bloodborne diseases
Hepatitis (NEC)	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
Hepatitis B (newly acquired)*	0.5	0.4	2.1	1.2	1.0	2.0	0.9	1.0	0.8
Hepatitis B (unspecified)‡	27.7	31.5	85.0	17.7	23.1	12.1	33.0	32.8	28.7
Hepatitis C (newly acquired)*	4.0	0.6	–	NN	4.6	4.5	3.2	5.1	2.6
Hepatitis C (unspecified)†,‡	35.2	44.4	82.9	52.0	23.8	47.2	36.5	41.6	42.5
Hepatitis D	–	0.1	–	0.1	0.5	–	0.2	0.1	0.1
Gastrointestinal diseases
Botulism	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
Campylobacteriosis	127.2	NN	74.4	91.6	130.5	172.2	104.3	78.3	101.6
Cryptosporidiosis	5.1	9.4	99.5	30.0	9.8	8.2	8.2	6.9	13.8
Haemolytic uraemic syndrome	–	0.1	–	0.1	–	0.2	0.1	–	0.1
Hepatitis A	0.3	0.6	1.3	0.7	0.4	0.4	1.1	0.6	0.7
Hepatitis E	0.3	0.1	–	0.1	–	–	0.3	<0.1	0.2
Listeriosis	–	0.5	–	0.1	0.2	0.6	0.6	0.3	0.4
Salmonellosis	64.3	40.4	173.1	61.9	51.0	54.7	45.2	48.1	49.6
Shigellosis	1.6	1.7	45.5	1.8	2.9	1.4	2.1	2.2	2.4
STEC,VTEC§	1.3	0.2	0.9	0.6	2.7	1.4	0.2	<0.1	0.5
Typhoid	0.3	0.6	1.7	0.3	0.2	0.2	0.7	0.7	0.5
Quarantinable diseases
Cholera	–	<0.1	–	<0.1	0.1	–	–	–	<0.1
Highly pathogenic avian influenza in humans	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
Plague	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
Rabies	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
Severe acute respiratory syndrome	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
Smallpox	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
Viral haemorrhagic fever	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
Yellow fever	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
Sexually transmissible infections
Chlamydial infection||,¶	342.2	291.6	1,076.6	412.9	292.7	348.8	360.8	485.2	364.2
Donovanosis	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	<0.1	<0.1
Gonococcal infection¶	24.5	56.6	653.1	59.1	30.1	6.8	45.2	86.9	60.1
Syphilis – congenital¶	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
Syphilis – all¶,**,††	7.5	10.9	34.4	14.0	7.9	4.7	17.4	8.9	12.7
Syphilis < 2 years duration¶,††	4.0	7.0	6.0	8.4	3.1	2.7	8.4	3.2	6.8
Syphilis > 2 years or unspecified duration†,¶,††	3.5	3.9	28.5	5.6	4.8	2.0	9.0	5.8	6.0
Vaccine preventable diseases
Diphtheria	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
Haemophilus influenzae type b	–	<0.1	–	0.1	0.1	0.2	0.1	<0.1	0.1
Influenza (laboratory confirmed)	177.6	109.5	185.0	369.1	379.6	213.3	106.4	215.4	196.2
Measles	–	2.3	0.9	0.1	0.4	–	0.2	0.2	0.9
Mumps	1.6	1.4	–	0.7	0.4	0.2	0.5	0.8	0.9
Pertussis	114.4	79.8	126.7	165.1	54.6	249.1	78.6	138.7	106.0
Pneumococcal disease (invasive)	7.2	7.9	30.6	7.6	7.9	8.8	6.8	9.7	8.0
Poliomyelitis	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
Rubella	0.3	0.1	–	0.2	0.1	0.2	0.2	0.1	0.2
Rubella – congenital	–	–	0.4	–	–	–	–	–	<0.1
Tetanus	–	<0.1	–	<0.1	0.1	–	<0.1	<0.1	<0.1
Varicella zoster (chickenpox)	2.4	NN	63.4	5.2	28.7	5.3	13.0	13.7	12.7
Varicella zoster (shingles)	13.6	NN	77.8	1.6	106.3	51.3	19.7	42.8	29.1
Varicella zoster (unspecified)	32.3	NN	1.7	96.7	5.6	16.4	46.8	45.4	54.9
Vectorborne diseases
Arbovirus infection (NEC)	–	–	–	0.2	0.1	–	–	–	<0.1
Barmah Forest virus infection	0.5	4.8	37.0	21.5	2.9	–	0.7	8.8	7.6
Dengue virus infection	5.9	4.0	28.9	5.3	3.1	1.6	5.9	21.7	6.8
Japanese encephalitis virus infection	–	–	–	<0.1	–	–	–	–	<0.1
Kunjin virus infection‡‡	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
Malaria	2.9	1.0	7.2	2.2	0.5	1.4	1.5	2.1	1.5
Murray Valley encephalitis virus infection	–	–	–	<0.1	–	–	–	–	<0.1
Ross River virus infection	2.9	8.3	96.5	42.6	13.2	3.5	5.0	56.6	20.6
Zoonoses
Anthrax	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
Australia bat lyssavirus	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
Brucellosis	–	0.1	–	0.5	0.1	–	–	<0.1	0.1
Leptospirosis	–	0.3	0.4	1.6	0.1	–	0.2	0.1	0.5
Lyssavirus (NEC)	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
Ornithosis	–	0.2	–	<0.1	0.1	–	0.8	0.3	0.3
Q fever	–	1.7	1.7	4.2	0.7	–	0.4	0.3	1.6
Tularaemia	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
Other bacterial diseases
Legionellosis	0.5	1.4	1.3	1.5	2.4	2.3	1.2	3.5	1.7
Leprosy	–	–	–	–	–	–	0.1	–	<0.1
Meningococcal infection§§	0.3	0.9	1.7	1.4	1.8	1.4	0.6	0.7	1.0
Tuberculosis	4.8	6.4	11.9	3.9	5.0	1.2	6.5	7.1	5.8

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Table 6: Notifications and notification rate for communicable diseases, Australia, 2007 to 2012

Disease	Number of notifications						5-year mean	Ratio (2012 : 5-year mean)	Notification rate per 100,000
	2007	2008	2009	2010	2011	2012			2007	2008	2009	2010	2011	2012
* Newly acquired hepatitis and syphilis includes cases where the infection was determined to be acquired within 24 months prior to diagnosis. Queensland reports hepatitis C newly acquired under hepatitis C unspecified. † Unspecified hepatitis and syphilis includes cases where the duration of infection could not be determined or is greater than 24 months. ‡ In Queensland, includes newly acquired hepatitis C cases. § Infection with Shiga toxin/verotoxin producing Escherichia coli. || Includes Chlamydia trachomatis identified from cervical, rectal, urine, urethral, throat and eye samples, except for South Australia, which reports only cervical, urine and urethral specimens; the Northern Territory and Western Australia exclude ocular infections. ¶ The national case definitions for chlamydial, gonococcal and syphilis diagnoses include infections that may be acquired through a non-sexual mode (especially in children – e.g. perinatal infections, epidemic gonococcal conjunctivitis). ** Does not include congenital syphilis. †† Data for all states and territories are reported by diagnosis date, except Queensland which is reported by notification receive date. ‡‡ In the Australian Capital Territory, Murray Valley encephalitis virus infection and Kunjin virus infection are combined under Murray Valley encephalitis virus infection. § Only invasive meningococcal disease is nationally notifiable. However the Australian Capital Territory also reports conjunctival cases. NEC Not elsewhere classified. NN Not notifiable.
Bloodborne diseases
Hepatitis (NEC)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0.0	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
Hepatitis B (newly acquired)*	300	262	249	228	195	193	246.8	0.8	1.4	1.2	1.1	1.0	0.9	0.8
Hepatitis B (unspecified)‡	6,772	6,419	6,961	6,910	6,578	6,509	6,728.0	1.0	32.1	29.9	32.1	31.4	29.4	28.7
Hepatitis C (newly acquired)*	378	365	400	397	413	466	390.6	1.2	2.2	2.1	2.3	2.3	2.3	2.6
Hepatitis C (unspecified)†,‡	11,667	10,943	10,846	10,887	9,832	9,648	10,835.0	0.9	55.4	50.9	50.0	49.4	44.0	42.5
Hepatitis D	33	41	35	36	38	30	36.6	0.8	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.1
Gastrointestinal diseases
Botulism	1	0	1	0	2	0	0.8	0.0	<0.1	–	<0.1	–	<0.1	–
Campylobacteriosis	16,989	15,548	16,098	16,986	17,725	15,653	16,669.2	0.9	119.9	107.3	110.0	114.1	117.2	101.6
Cryptosporidiosis	2,808	2,001	4,624	1,479	1,810	3,143	2,544.4	1.2	13.3	9.3	21.3	6.7	8.1	13.8
Haemolytic uraemic syndrome	19	32	13	9	13	20	17.2	1.2	0.1	0.1	0.1	<0.1	0.1	0.1
Hepatitis A	166	276	564	266	145	165	283.4	0.6	0.8	1.3	2.6	1.2	0.6	0.7
Hepatitis E	18	44	33	37	41	35	34.6	1.0	0.1	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2
Listeriosis	50	68	92	71	70	93	70.2	1.3	0.2	0.3	0.4	0.3	0.3	0.4
Salmonellosis	9,465	8,286	9,506	11,922	12,270	11,265	10,289.8	1.1	44.9	38.5	43.8	54.1	54.9	49.6
Shigellosis	596	828	616	551	494	547	617.0	0.9	2.8	3.9	2.8	2.5	2.2	2.4
STEC,VTEC§	105	98	128	80	95	111	101.2	1.1	0.5	0.5	0.6	0.4	0.4	0.5
Typhoid	90	105	115	96	135	123	108.2	1.1	0.4	0.5	0.5	0.4	0.6	0.5
Quarantinable diseases
Cholera	4	4	5	3	6	5	4.4	1.1	<0.1	<0.1	<0.1	<0.1	<0.1	<0.1
Highly pathogenic avian influenza in humans	0	0	0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	–	–	–	–	–	–
Plague	0	0	0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	–	–	–	–	–	–
Rabies	0	0	0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	–	–	–	–	–	–
Severe acute respiratory syndrome	0	0	0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	–	–	–	–	–	–
Smallpox	0	0	0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	–	–	–	–	–	–
Viral haemorrhagic fever	0	0	0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	–	–	–	–	–	–
Yellow fever	0	0	0	0	2	0	0.4	0.0	–	–	–	–	<0.1	–
Sexually transmissible infections
Chlamydial infection||,¶	51,945	58,427	62,997	74,306	80,922	82,707	65,719.4	1.3	246.5	271.8	290.4	337.3	362.2	364.2
Donovanosis	3	2	1	1	0	1	1.4	0.7	0.014	0.009	0.005	0.005	–	0.004
Gonococcal infection¶	7,647	7,679	8,276	10,322	12,099	13,649	9,204.6	1.5	36.3	35.7	38.2	46.9	54.2	60.1
Syphilis – congenital¶	7	6	3	3	7	0	5.2	0.0	0.03	0.03	0.01	0.01	0.03	–
Syphilis – all¶,**,††	2,779	2,704	2,743	2,417	2,574	2,893	2,643.4	1.1	13.2	12.6	12.6	11.0	11.5	12.7
Syphilis < 2 years duration¶,††	1,424	1,332	1,335	1,142	1,294	1,539	1,305.4	1.1	6.8	6.2	6.2	5.2	5.8	6.8
Syphilis > 2 years or unspecified duration†,¶,††	1,355	1,372	1,408	1,275	1,280	1,354	1,338.0	1.0	7.0	6.9	7.0	6.2	6.2	6.0
Vaccine preventable diseases
Diphtheria	0	0	0	0	4	0	0.8	0.0	–	–	–	–	<0.1	–
Haemophilus influenzae type b	17	25	19	24	13	15	19.6	0.8	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1
Influenza (laboratory confirmed)	10,586	9,174	59,024	13,470	27,225	44,563	23,895.8	1.9	50.2	42.7	272.1	61.1	121.9	196.2
Measles	12	65	105	69	194	199	89.0	2.2	0.1	0.3	0.5	0.3	0.9	0.9
Mumps	582	285	166	98	156	200	257.4	0.8	2.8	1.3	0.8	0.4	0.7	0.9
Pertussis	4,862	14,284	30,158	34,809	38,721	24,069	24,566.8	1.0	23.1	66.4	139.0	158.0	173.3	106.0
Pneumococcal disease (invasive)	1,469	1,628	1,556	1,642	1,884	1,822	1,635.8	1.1	7.0	7.6	7.2	7.5	8.4	8.0
Poliomyelitis	1	0	0	0	0	0	0.2	0.0	<0.1	–	–	–	–	–
Rubella	34	36	27	44	58	36	39.8	0.9	0.2	0.2	0.1	0.2	0.3	0.2
Rubella – congenital	2	0	0	0	0	1	0.4	2.5	<0.1	–	–	–	–	<0.1
Tetanus	3	4	3	2	3	7	3.0	2.3	<0.1	<0.1	<0.1	<0.1	<0.1	<0.1
Varicella zoster (chickenpox)	1,669	1,800	1,795	1,786	2,099	1,964			18.7	19.7	12.3	12.0	13.9	12.7
Varicella zoster (shingles)	1,565	2,337	2,780	3,044	4,023	4,481			17.5	25.5	19.0	20.4	26.6	29.1
Varicella zoster (unspecified)	4,278	4,412	6,763	7,269	7,691	8,453			47.8	48.2	46.2	48.8	50.9	54.9
Vectorborne diseases
Arbovirus infection (NEC)	17	12	8	24	20	9	16.8	0.5	0.1	0.1	0.04	0.1	0.1	0.04
Barmah Forest virus infection	1,707	2,080	1,474	1,470	1,863	1,722	1,718.8	1.0	8.1	9.7	6.8	6.7	8.3	7.6
Dengue virus infection	314	561	1,402	1,227	817	1,540	864.2	1.8	1.5	2.6	6.5	5.6	3.7	6.8
Japanese encephalitis virus infection	0	1	0	0	0	1	0.2	5.0	–	<0.1	–	–	–	<0.1
Kunjin virus infection‡‡	1	1	2	2	2	0	1.6	0.0	<0.1	<0.1	<0.1	<0.1	<0.1	0
Malaria	565	530	507	404	417	348	484.8	0.7	2.7	2.5	2.3	1.8	1.9	1.5
Murray Valley encephalitis virus infection	0	2	4	0	17	1	4.6	0.2	–	<0.1	<0.1	–	0.1	<0.1
Ross River virus infection	4,150	5,614	4,741	5,126	5,138	4,683	4,953.8	0.9	19.7	26.1	21.9	23.3	23.0	20.6
Zoonoses
Anthrax	1	0	0	1	0	0	0.4	0.0	<0.1	–	–	<0.1	–	–
Australia bat lyssavirus	0	0	0	0	0	0	0.0	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
Brucellosis	37	45	32	21	39	29	34.8	0.8	0.2	0.2	0.1	0.1	0.2	0.1
Leptospirosis	108	111	141	132	215	116	141.4	0.8	0.5	0.5	0.7	0.6	1.0	0.5
Lyssavirus (NEC)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0.0	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
Ornithosis	93	102	65	61	90	75	82.2	0.9	0.4	0.5	0.3	0.3	0.4	0.3
Q fever	449	378	311	335	352	358	365.0	1.0	2.1	1.8	1.4	1.5	1.6	1.6
Tularaemia	0	0	0	0	2	0	0.4	0.0	–	–	–	–	<0.1	–
Other bacterial diseases
Legionellosis	303	272	301	302	358	382	307.2	1.2	1.4	1.3	1.4	1.4	1.6	1.7
Leprosy	14	11	5	13	8	4	10.2	0.4	0.1	0.1	<0.1	0.1	<0.1	<0.1
Meningococcal infection§§	305	286	259	228	241	223	263.8	0.8	1.4	1.3	1.2	1.0	1.1	1.0
Tuberculosis	1,133	1,214	1,314	1,357	1,399	1,315	1,283.4	1.0	5.4	5.6	6.1	6.2	6.3	5.8
Total	146,119	159,408	237,268	209,967	238,519	243,872

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The year in which diseases became notifiable to NNDSS in each jurisdiction is shown in Table 7.

Table 7: Year which diseases become notifiable to the National Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System, Australia, by state or territory*

Disease	Year in which data first sent to Commonwealth								Period of national reporting	Exceptions to national reporting
	ACT	NSW	NT	Qld	SA	Tas.	Vic.	WA
* Data from the National Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System annual reports from 1991. First full year of reporting to Commonwealth is shown. Some diseases may have been notifiable to state or territory health departments before the dates shown here. † Infection with Shiga toxin/verotoxin producing Escherichia coli. ‡ Includes paratyphoid in New South Wales, Queensland and Victoria. § Includes neonatal ophthalmia in the Northern Territory, Queensland, South Australia, and Victoria. || Includes syphilis – congenital from 1991 to 2002. ¶ Includes rubella – congenital from 1991 to 2002. ** Before 1997, includes Ross River virus infection, dengue virus infection and Barmah Forest virus infection. †† Flavivirus (NEC) replaced arbovirus (NEC) 1 January 2004. Arbovirus (NEC) replaced flavivirus (NEC) in 2008. NN Not notifiable
Bloodborne diseases
Hepatitis B (newly acquired)	1995	1993	1993	1994	1993	1993	1993	1994	1995 to present
Hepatitis B (unspecified)	1991	1991	2004	1994	1991	1991	1991	1991	1991 to present
Hepatitis C (newly acquired)	1995	1993	2005	NN	1993	1995	1997	1995	1993 to present	Reported under hepatitis C (unspecified) in Qld
Hepatitis C (unspecified)	1991	1991	1991	1991	1994	1991	1991	1993	1995 to present	Includes reports of incident hepatitis C, 1991 to 1994
Hepatitis D	1999	1999	1999	1997	1999	1999	1999	2001	1999 to present
Gastrointestinal diseases
Botulism	1992	1998	1998	1997	1993	1992	1992	2001	1992 to present
Campylobacteriosis	1991	NN	1991	1991	1991	1991	1991	1991	1991 to present
Cryptosporidiosis	2001	2001	2001	1996	2001	2001	2001	2001	2001 to present
Haemolytic uraemic syndrome	1999	1999	1999	1997	1999	1999	1999	1999	1999 to present
Hepatitis A	1991	1991	1991	1991	1991	1991	1991	1991	1991 to present
Hepatitis E	1999	1999	1999	1999	1999	1999	1999	2001	1999 to present
Listeriosis	1991	1991	1994	1991	1992	1991	1991	1991	1991 to present
Salmonellosis	1991	1991	1991	1991	1991	1991	1991	1991	1991 to present
Shigellosis	1991	2001	1991	1997	1991	1991	1991	1991	1991 to present	Qld did not report 1997–2006
STEC, VTEC‡	1999	1999	1999	2002	1999	1999	1999	2001	1999 to present
Typhoid‡	1991	1991	1991	1991	1991	1991	1991	1991	1991 to present
Quarantinable diseases
Cholera	1991	1991	1991	1991	1991	1991	1991	1991	1991 to present
Highly pathogenic avian influenza in humans	2004	2004	2004	2004	2004	2004	2004	2004	2004 to present	Reported under influenza in WA
Plague	1991	1991	1991	1991	1991	1991	1991	1991	1991 to present
Rabies	1993	1997	1991	1991	1991	1991	1991	1991	1991 to present
Severe acute respiratory syndrome	2003	2003	2003	2003	2003	2003	2003	2003	2003 to present
Smallpox	2004	2004	2004	2004	2004	2004	2004	2004	2004 to present
Viral haemorrhagic fever	1993	1991	1991	1991	1991	1991	1991	1991	1991 to present
Yellow fever	1991	1991	1991	1991	1991	1991	1991	1991	1991 to present
Sexually transmissible infections
Chlamydial infection	1993	1991	1991	1991	1993	1991	1991	1993	1994 to present	NSW did not report 1994–1998
Donovanosis	1991	2002	1991	1991	2002	1993	1991	1991	1991 to present
Gonococcal infection§	1991	1993	1991	1991	1991	1991	1991	1991	1991 to present
Syphilis – all||	1991	1991	1991	1991	1991	1991	1991	1991	1991 to present
Syphilis < 2 years	2004	2004	2004	2004	2004	2004	2004	2004	2004 to present
Syphilis > 2 years or unspecified duration	2004	2004	2004	2004	2012	2004	2004	2004	2004 to present
Syphilis – congenital	2003	2003	2003	2003	2003	2003	2003	2003	2003 to present
Vaccine preventable diseases
Diphtheria	1991	1991	1991	1991	1991	1991	1991	1991	1991 to present
Haemophilus influenzae type b	1991	1991	1991	1991	1991	1991	1991	1994	1991 to present
Influenza (laboratory confirmed)	2001	2001	2001	2001	2001	2001	2001	2001	2001 to present	Influenza became legally notifiable in SA in May 2008
Measles	1991	1991	1991	1991	1991	1991	1991	1991	1991 to present
Mumps	1992	1992	1995	1997	1994	1995	1992	1994	1995 to present	Qld did not report 1999–2000
Pertussis	1991	1991	1991	1991	1991	1991	1991	1991	1991 to present
Pneumococcal disease (invasive)	2001	2001	2001	1997	2001	2001	2001	2001	2001 to present
Poliomyelitis	1991	1991	1991	1991	1991	1991	1991	1991	1991 to present
Rubella¶	1991	1991	1993	1991	1993	1995	1992	1994	1993 to present
Rubella – congenital	2003	2003	2003	1997	2003	2003	2003	2003	2003 to present
Tetanus	1991	1991	1991	1991	1991	1991	1991	1991	1991 to present	Qld did not report 1991–1993
Varicella zoster (chickenpox)	2006	NN	2006	2006	2006	2006	2009	2006	2006 to present
Varicella zoster (shingles)	2006	NN	2006	2006	2006	2006	2002	2006	2006 to present
Varicella zoster (unspecified)	2006	NN	2006	2006	2006	2006	2009	2006	2006 to present
Vectorborne diseases
Barmah Forest virus infection	1995	1995	1997	1995	1995	1995	1995	1995	1995 to present
Dengue virus infection	1993	1991	1991	1991	1991	1991	1991	1995	1991 to present
Arbovirus infection (NEC)**,††	1991	1991	1991	1991	1991	1991	1991	1991	1991 to present	Includes JEV, MVEV and Kunjin 1991–2000
Japanese encephalitis virus infection	2001	2001	2001	2001	2001	2001	2001	2001	2001 to present
Kunjin virus	2001	2001	2001	2001	2001	2001	2001	2001	2001 to present	Reported under MVE in ACT
Malaria	1991	1991	1991	1991	1991	1991	1991	1991	1991 to present
Murray Valley encephalitis virus infection	2001	2001	2001	2001	2001	2001	2001	2001	2001 to present	Combined with Kunjin in ACT
Ross River virus infection	1993	1993	1991	1991	1993	1993	1991	1991	1993 to present
Zoonoses
Anthrax	2001	2001	2001	1991	2002	2001	2001	2001	2001 to present
Australian bat lyssavirus	2001	2001	2001	1998	2001	2001	2001	2001	2001 to present
Brucellosis	1991	1991	1991	1991	1991	1991	1991	1991	1991 to present
Leptospirosis	1991	1991	1991	1991	1991	1991	1991	1991	1991 to present
Lyssavirus (NEC)	2001	2001	2001	1998	2001	2001	2001	2001	2001 to present
Ornithosis	1991	2001	1991	1992	1991	1991	1991	1991	1991 to present	Qld did not report 1997–2001
Q fever	1991	1991	1991	1991	1991	1991	1991	1991	1991 to present
Tularaemia	2004	2004	2004	2004	2004	2004	2004	2004	2004 to present
Other bacterial infections
Legionellosis	1991	1991	1991	1991	1991	1991	1991	1991	1991 to present
Leprosy	1991	1991	1991	1991	1991	1991	1991	1991	1991 to present
Meningococcal infection	1991	1991	1991	1991	1991	1991	1991	1991	1991 to present
Tuberculosis	1991	1991	1991	1991	1991	1991	1991	1991	1991 to present

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Data completeness

In 2012, sex and age at onset was complete for 99.9% of notifications in NNDSS (Table 8).

Table 8: Completeness of National Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System data, Australia, 2012, by state or territory

	State or territory								Aust.
	ACT	NSW	NT	Qld	SA	Tas.	Vic.	WA
Total notifications	3,784	52,564	7,064	67,328	19,795	6,257	53,775	33,255	243,872
Sex
Unknown/ missing	2	96	0	8	0	0	197	1	304
Per cent complete	99.9	99.8	100.0	>99.9	100.0	100.0	99.6	>99.9	99.9
Age at onset
Unknown/ missing	0	21	0	33	0	0	135	3	192
Per cent complete	100.0	>99.9	100.0	>99.9	100.0	100.0	99.7	>99.9	99.9

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Indigenous status

Indigenous status was complete for 51.5% of notifications, and varied by jurisdiction. Indigenous status was complete for 94.7% of data reported in the Northern Territory, 93% in Western Australia and 91.5% in South Australia. In the remaining jurisdictions, Indigenous status completeness ranged from 16.8%–50.1% (Table 9).

Table 9: Indigenous status completeness of National Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System data, Australia, 2012, by state or territory*

	State or territory								Aust.
	ACT	NSW	NT	Qld	SA	Tas.	Vic.	WA
* Indigenous status is usually obtained from medical notification and completeness varies by disease and by state and territory. This reflects differences in notification requirements (i.e. depending on the jurisdiction, some diseases are primarily or completely notified by pathology laboratories rather than clinicians) and the fact that it is not possible to follow up all cases for diseases with a large volume of notifications and/or not requiring specific case based public health action.
Total notifications	3,784	52,564	7,064	67,328	19,795	6,257	53,775	33,255	243,872
Indigenous status
Unknown/ missing	2,869	43,742	376	36,775	1,685	3,667	26,847	2,325	118,286
Per cent complete	24.2	16.8	94.7	45.4	91.5	41.4	50.1	93.0	51.5

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Data completeness on Indigenous status also varied by disease as summarised in Appendix 3. There were 7 diseases for which notifications were 100% complete for Indigenous status. A further 25 diseases equalled or exceeded 80% completeness for Indigenous status.

In 2012, CDNA set target thresholds of 95% completeness for 18 priority diseases (Table 10) and 80% completeness for the remainder of the notifiable diseases. In 2012, there were 8 priority diseases for which Indigenous status completeness exceeded 95% (donovanosis, Haemophilus influenzae type b, hepatitis A, measles, meningococcal infection, syphilis < 2 years duration, leprosy, and tuberculosis).

Table 10: Percentage completeness of Indigenous status for priority diseases in National Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System data, Australia, 2012, by state or territory

Priority disease	ACT	NSW	NT	Qld	SA	Tas.	Vic	WA	Aust.
NDP No data provided.
Dengue virus (locally acquired)	–	100.0	–	89.3	–	–	34.0	–	54.2
Donovanosis	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	100.0	100.0
Gonococcal infection	100.0	26.2	97.1	70.9	96.6	91.4	64.2	99.9	64.7
Haemophilus influenzae type b	–	100.0	–	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Leprosy	–	–	–	–	–	–	100.0	–	100.0
Measles	–	97.6	100.0	75.0	100.0	–	100.0	100.0	97.5
Meningococcal disease (invasive)	100.0	100.0	100.0	93.7	100.0	100.0	80.0	100.0	95.1
Pertussis <5 years	93.8	88.3	100.0	58.5	98.2	98.3	88.3	97.1	83.6
Shigellosis	83.3	67.7	100.0	75.6	100.0	71.4	95.8	100.0	87.6
Tuberculosis	94.4	99.6	100.0	97.2	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	99.4
Hepatitis A	100.0	97.6	100.0	73.5	100.0	100.0	88.7	100.0	89.7
Hepatitis B (newly acquired)	100.0	86.2	100.0	63.6	100.0	100.0	92.3	100.0	85.5
Hepatitis C (newly acquired)	100.0	59.6	–	–	97.4	95.7	78.2	100.0	86.9
Syphilis – congenital	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
HIV	NDP	NDP	NDP	NDP	NDP	NDP	NDP	NDP	NDP
Pneumococcal disease <5 years	100.0	98.5	100.0	76.5	100.0	100.0	91.9	100.0	93.6
Pneumococcal disease ≥ 50 years	100.0	95.1	100.0	84.5	100.0	100.0	94.1	100.0	94.2
Syphilis < 2 years	100.0	91.2	100.0	96.3	96.2	100.0	89.2	100.0	92.7

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